Antibodies for Glioma Classification
Atlas Antibodies has developed polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies targeting several proteins relevant for glioma classification, including ATRX, IDH1, and GFAP. Read on to learn more about them.
Glioma is a common type of brain tumor that springs from glial cells. The tumor type comprises about 80% of all malignant brain tumors and often carries a very poor prognosis. Gliomas can be categorized depending on different factors such as grade, cell type, location, and genetics.
Based on genetics, research has shown that gliomas could be classified into three groups based on mutations in ATRX, IDH1, and 1p/19q:
Their names refer to the kind of glial cells from which they begin. Glial cells outnumber neurons with a five-to-one ratio in the brain, making gliomas highly invasive and difficult to eradicate.
ATRX, IDH1, and GFAP
ATRX is one of the routine markers for the classification of gliomas and is most often used in combination with various other markers such as IDH1, P53, PARP1, GFAP, KI-67, and EGFR2.
Immunostaining of ATRX, IDH1, and GFAP, are used to detect the respective mutations and distinguish between different forms of gliomas. IDH1 and ATRX, in particular, can successfully be used to characterize diffuse gliomas into molecularly defined groups in the majority of the cases.
For example, IDH1 mutations combined with ATRX loss are common in astrocytomas grade 2-4, while they are rare in glioblastoma.
IDH1 mutations without ATRX loss characterized oligodendrogliomas. IDH mutations are not present in high-grade gliomas. If the loss of nuclear ATRX in an IDH-mutant glioma is diagnostic for astrocytoma, only the combined immunostaining of ATRX and CDKN2A/B allows the distinction of IDH-mutant astrocytomas from IDH-mutant oligodendrogliomas.
GFAP is a classical marker of astrocytoma both in clinical and experimental settings. GFAP is used to determine glial differentiation, which is associated with a less malignant tumor
Antibodies for glioma classification
Our antibodies targeting the glioma markers ATRX, IDH1, and GFAP are validated for research use in IHC, ICC-IF, and WB. Enhanced validation is applied as an extra layer of security for antibodies validation. For more details on each antibody, click the respective links below and visit the product pages.
Anti-ATRX monoclonal antibody (AMAb90784)
- Validated for IHC, WB, ICC-IF
- Sequence identity mouse/rat 96%/97%
Anti-ATRX polyclonal antibody (HPA001906)
- Validated for IHC, WB
- sequence identity mouse/rat 96%/97%
Anti-ATRX polyclonal antibody (HPA064684)
- Validated for ICC-IF
- Sequence identity mouse/rat 51%/57%
Anti-IDH1 monoclonal antibody (AMAb90578)
- Validated for IHC, WB, ICC-IF
- Sequence identity mouse/rat 95%/95%
Anti-IDH1 polyclonal antibody (HPA035248)
- Validated for IHC, WB
- Sequence identity mouse/rat 95%/95%
Anti-IDH1 polyclonal antibody (HPA057936)
- Validated for IHC, WB
- Sequence identity mouse/rat 92%/95%
Anti-GFAP monoclonal antibody (AMAb91033)
- Validated for IHC, WB, ICC-IF
- Sequence identity mouse/rat 98%/100%
Anti-GFAP polyclonal antibody (HPA056030)
- Validated for IHC, WB, ICC-IF
- Sequence identity mouse/rat 98%/100%
Anti-GFAP polyclonal antibody (HPA063513)
- Validated for IHC
- Sequence identity mouse/rat 100%/98%
References
The following studies have used our anti-ATRX, anti-IDH1, and anti-GFAP antibody in glioma research:
- Anand N, et al.Molecular classification and stratification of adult diffuse gliomas: A tertiary care center study. J Carcinog, 2021 Oct 11; 20:20.
- Dahuja G, et al. Clinicopathological Correlation of Glioma Patients with respect to Immunohistochemistry Markers: A Prospective Study of 115 Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India. Asian J Neurosurg, 2021 Dec 18; 16(4):732-737.
- Haberler C et al. Clinical Neuropathology practice news 2-2014: ATRX, a new candidate biomarker in gliomas. Clin Neuropathol2014; 33(2):108-111.
- Habiba U, et al. Loss of H3K27 trimethylation is frequent in IDH1-R132H but not in non-canonical IDH1/2 mutated and 1p/19q codeleted oligodendroglioma: a Japanese cohort study. Acta Neuropathol Commun, 2021 May 21; 9:95.
- Lee Y et al. The frequency and prognostic effect of TERT promoter mutation in diffused gliomas. Acta Neuropathol Commun, 2017 Aug 29; 5:62.
- Li X et al. Primary Astrocytic Tumours and Paired Recurrences have Similar Biological Features in IDH1, TP53 and TERTp Mutation and MGMT, ATRX Loss. Sci Rep, 2017 Oct 12; 7:13038.
- Mellai M, et al. Human TERT Promoter Mutations in Atypical and Anaplastic Meningiomas. Diagnostics (Basel) , 2021 Sep 6; 11(9):1624
- Murnyák B et al. PARP1 expression and its correlation with survival is tumor molecular subtype dependent in glioblastoma Oncotarget, 2017 May 19; 8(28):46348-46362.
- Oktay Y et al., IDH-mutant glioma specific association of rs55705857 located at 8q24.21 involves MYC deregulation Sci Rep, 2016 Jun 10; 6:27569.
- Oncol Lett, 2017 Jul 20; 14(3):3825-3831
- Rosager AM et al. Expression and prognostic value of JAM-A in gliomas. J Neurooncol, 2017 Jul 4; 135(1):107-117.
- Stojanoski S, et al. Case Report: Malignant Primary Sellar Paraganglioma With Unusual Genetic and Imaging Features. Front Oncol , 2021 Nov 23; 11:739255.
- Valentini MC et al. Comparison among conventional and advanced MRI, 18F-FDG PET/CT, phenotype and genotype in glioblastoma. Oncotarget, 2017 Oct 4; 8(53):91636-91653.
- Van Lith SA, et al. Identification of a novel inactivating mutation in Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1-R314C) in high-grade astrocytoma. Sci Rep, 2016 Jul 27; 6:30486.
- Yang B, et al. Clinicoradiological characteristics, management and prognosis of primary myeloid sarcoma of the central nervous system: A report of four cases.Oncol Lett, 2017 Jul 20; 14(3):3825-3831.